What does the absence of neurons in the bowel wall contribute to in Hirshsprung's Disease?

In Hirschsprung's Disease, the absence of neurons in the bowel wall, specifically the ganglion cells of the enteric nervous system, leads to decreased bowel motility. This condition results in a lack of peristaltic movements in the affected segment of the bowel, meaning that the bowel cannot effectively push contents forward. The absence of these neurons prevents normal relaxation and contraction patterns that are essential for moving stool through the intestines. As a consequence, the affected segment remains contracted, causing a functional obstruction. This can lead to symptoms such as abdominal distension and constipation, which are characteristic of the disease. Understanding the role of neuronal presence in normal bowel function helps to clarify why the absence directly correlates with decreased motility in Hirschsprung's Disease.