What is another term for the procedure that involves the surgical removal of both the large intestine and rectum?

The term that describes the surgical removal of both the large intestine and the rectum is proctocolectomy. This procedure is often performed for various conditions such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, or familial adenomatous polyposis. Proctocolectomy entails complete excision of the colon and rectum, a critical procedure for patients whose conditions require total removal for effective management and symptom relief.

Other terms in the provided options refer to different surgical interventions. For instance, Hartmann's Pouch describes a specific type of surgery that leaves a portion of the rectum in place and usually includes creation of a colostomy without removing the rectum. Subtotal colectomy involves the removal of a part of the colon rather than the entire large intestine and rectum, while sigmoid colectomy specifies surgical removal of only the sigmoid part of the colon. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for both clinical practice and examinations.