Which condition is characterized by the absence of neurons in the bowel wall, particularly in the sigmoid colon?

Hirschsprung's Disease is characterized by the absence of ganglion cells, specifically the neurons in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of the bowel wall, which leads to a lack of peristalsis in the affected areas—most notably the sigmoid colon. This condition results in a functional obstruction due to the inability of the involved segment of the bowel to relax properly, causing constipation and potential bowel distension.

The absence of these neurons prevents normal bowel function, leading to the accumulation of stool in the proximal bowel, which can result in significant complications if not treated. Hirschsprung's Disease typically presents in infancy, but the effects can persist throughout life if the condition is not diagnosed and managed appropriately.

Understanding this condition is crucial for ostomy care and management, as surgical intervention is often required to remove the affected bowel segment and restore normal function.