Which procedure is characterized by the removal of part of the colon and reanastomosis?

The procedure characterized by the removal of part of the colon followed by reanastomosis is indeed subtotal colectomy. During this procedure, a segment of the colon is surgically removed, and the remaining parts are reconnected, allowing for the continuity of the gastrointestinal tract. This technique is often utilized in cases where there are diseases or conditions affecting significant portions of the colon, such as inflammatory bowel disease, but where some healthy colon tissue remains that can be reconnected.

In contrast, a proctocolectomy involves the surgical removal of the entire colon as well as the rectum, and does not focus on reanastomosis of the colon itself, as it typically results in a permanent colostomy or ileostomy. A sigmoid colectomy specifically targets the sigmoid portion of the colon and may not involve extensive removal or reanastomosis of other colonic segments. Urinary diversion is not a procedure related to the colon, as it involves rerouting urine flow away from the bladder, often following bladder removal or severe bladder dysfunction. Thus, the distinction of subtotal colectomy aligns directly with the criteria of removing part of the colon and then reconnecting it, making it the correct answer.